imagemagick scripts - Robuta Search

https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/rangethresh/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: RANGETHRESH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - rangethresh - converts an image to binary using range values for each channel of the input. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/squareup/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SQUAREUP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - squareup - resizes an image and squares it up either by padding or cropping imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/cosinebell/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: COSINEBELL Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - cosinebell - creates a cosine-bell-shaped tapered alpha channel in an image and optionally blends the image into a background image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/rgbdots/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: RGBDOTS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - rgbdots - transforms an image into dots in primary and secondary colors. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/neg2pos/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: NEG2POS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - neg2pos - converts from a (scanned film) negative image to a positive image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/reflect/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: REFLECT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - reflect - splits an image, reflects each side and appends them to form horizontally symmetric images. imagemagick scripts fred reflect https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/splittone1/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPLITTONE1 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - splittone1 - applies a color splittone effect to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/trim2rect/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TRIM2RECT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - trim2rect - automatically trims the sides of an image until no outer row or column contains the background color. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/spots/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPOTS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - spots - converts the image into a series or uniform-colored spots imagemagick scripts fred spots https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/endpoints/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ENDPOINTS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - endpoints - applies a Photoshop-like curves operation on an image that adjusts the linear endpoints. imagemagick scripts fred endpoints https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/cone/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: CONE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - cone - draws a cone-shaped object on an image imagemagick scripts fred cone https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sketch/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SKETCH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sketch - applies a sketch effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred sketch https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/crossprocess/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: CROSSPROCESS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - crossprocess - applies a color crossprocessing effect to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/kaleidoscope/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: KALEIDOSCOPE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - kaleidoscope - applies a kaleidoscope effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred kaleidoscope https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/dog/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: DOG Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - dog - creates an edge extracted image using the difference of two gaussian blurs. imagemagick scripts fred dog https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/lupe/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: LUPE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - lupe - applies a magnifying glass effect in a local area of an image. imagemagick scripts fred lupe https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/nightvision/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: NIGHTVISION Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - nightvision - simulates a picture as viewed through night vision goggles. imagemagick scripts fred nightvision https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/locatecolors/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: LOCATECOLORS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - locatecolors - modifies an image to show only those pixels which are within the specified color range imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/aspectpad/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ASPECTPAD Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - aspectpad - pads an image with a color to a specified aspect ratio and orientation. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/pixelize/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: PIXELIZE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - pixelize - creates a pixelized or blocky effect in an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/kapurthresh/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: KAPURTHRESH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - kapurthresh - automatically thresholds an image to binary (b/w) format using Kapur's entropy technique. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/vignette/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: VIGNETTE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - vignette - applies a vignette effect to a picture. imagemagick scripts fred vignette https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/midgradient/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MIDGRADIENT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - midgradient - creates a two-color gradient with adjustable mid-color location imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/vintage1/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: VINTAGE1 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - vintage1 - applies a classic vintage effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/bump/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: BUMP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - bump - applies a hemispherical-like bump distortion to an image. imagemagick scripts fred bump https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/turn/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TURN Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - turn - simultaneously rotates and crops an image to eliminate any background imagemagick scripts fred turn https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/colorconverter/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: COLORCONVERTER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - colorconverter - converts any valid ImageMagick color specification to the other ImageMagick color representations imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/ortoneffect/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ORTONEFFECT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - ortoneffect - applies an Orton (sandwich) effect to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/wavemap/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: WAVEMAP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - wavemap - transforms the graylevels in each RGB channel according to a sinusoidal wave function imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/shapecluster/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SHAPECLUSTER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - shapecluster - creates a division of the image into 9 separated rectangular regions imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/ripples/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: RIPPLES Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - ripples - applies various circular ripple effects to an image. imagemagick scripts fred ripples https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/median/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MEDIAN Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - median - computes the median value of an image. imagemagick scripts fred median https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/greenscreen/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: GREENSCREEN Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - greenscreen - removes background green color in a green screen image imagemagick scripts fred greenscreen https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/textdistort/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TEXTDISTORT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - textdistort - distorts repeated text to warp it to the shape of the image content imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/wiggle/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: WIGGLE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - wiggle - creates a sinusoidal wiggling animation. imagemagick scripts fred wiggle https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/puzzle/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: PUZZLE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - puzzle - applies a puzzle like effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred puzzle https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/kmeansthresh/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: KMEANSTHRESH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - kmeansthresh - automatically thresholds an image to binary (b/w) format using the k-means technique. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/unrotate3/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: UNROTATE3 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - unrotate3 - unrotates a rotated image and trims the surrounding border. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/vibrance/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: VIBRANCE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - vibrance - applies a non-linear change to the saturation of an image. imagemagick scripts fred vibrance https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/negative2positive/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: NEGATIVE2POSITIVE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - negative2positive - converts from a (scanned film) negative image to a positive image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/slice/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SLICE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - slice - thresholds an image (inclusively) between a range of graylevels and optionally colorizes inside and/or outside the... imagemagick scripts fred slice https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/logpolar/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: LOGPOLAR Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - polar - applies rectangular (cartesian) to log-polar transformation or a log-polar to rectangular (cartesian) transformation to an... imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sigmoidal/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SIGMOIDAL Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sigmoidal - applies a sigmoidal brightess and/or contrast adjustment to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/kneemap/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: KNEEMAP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - kneemap - a symmetric soft knee-shaped curved mapping look up table and applies it to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/enhancelab/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ENHANCELAB Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - enhancelab - applies brightness/contrast/colorization enhancement on an image via LAB colorspace imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/softfocus/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SOFTFOCUS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - softfocus - applies a softfocus effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/multigradient/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MULTIGRADIENT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - multigradient - creates either a linear or radial gradient image with two or more color stops imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/embroidery/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: EMBROIDERY Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - embroidery - applies an embroidery effect to each color in an image. imagemagick scripts fred embroidery https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/2colorthresh/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: 2COLORTHRESH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - 2colorthresh - automatically thresholds an image to binary (b/w) format using an adaptive spatial subdivision color reduction... imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/weave/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: WEAVE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - weave - applies an irregular linear weave-like distortion to an image. imagemagick scripts fred weave https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fftfilter/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: FFTFILTER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - fftfilter - performs filtering on an image in the frequency domain. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/contour/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: CONTOUR Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - contour - applies a contour outline to the image content. imagemagick scripts fred contour https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/coloration/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: COLORATION Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - coloration - mixes the color channels from an image into a single grayscale image using a weighted combination and then tints it. imagemagick scripts fred coloration https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/smarttrim/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SMARTTRIM Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - smarttrim - automatically trims an image around the region of highest detail in the image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/isonoise/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ISONOISE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - isonoise - reduce isolated noise in an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/zoomrotatetext/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ZOOMROTATETEXT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - zoomrotatetext - creates a zoomed rotating text animation. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/3Drotate/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: 3DROTATE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - 3Drotate - applies a perspective distortion to an image by providing any combination of three optional rotation angle: pan, tilt... imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/isolatecolor/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ISOLATECOLOR Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - isolatecolor - isolates a particular color in an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/tiler/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TILER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - tiler - converts an image into a tilable texture. imagemagick scripts fred tiler https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/xposure/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: XPOSURE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - xposure - changes the exposure level of an image by stops. imagemagick scripts fred xposure https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/interleave/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: INTERLEAVE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - interleave - interleaves the channels of a single image or each image of a set of multiple images. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/overlapcrop/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: OVERLAPCROP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - overlapcrop - creates a sequence of cropped subsections permitting optional overlap of the subsections. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/shimmer/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SHIMMER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - shimmer - creates a reflected heat shimmering effect animation. imagemagick scripts fred shimmer https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/splitcrop/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPLITCROP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - splitcrop - crops an image into two or four sections according to the given x,y coordinates. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/ssim/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SSIM Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - ssim - computes the structural similarity metric between two equal sized images. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/histcompare/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: HISTCOMPARE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - histcompare - computes one of several metrics characterizing the difference between the histograms of two images. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/mode/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MODE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - mode - computes the mode value of an image. imagemagick scripts fred mode https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/toonizarro/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TOONIZARRO Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - toonizarro - applies a Superman Bizarro-like cartoon effect to an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/plot/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: PLOT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - plot - generates a profile of an image row or column or an image histogram. imagemagick scripts fred plot https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sketchetch/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SKETCHETCH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sketchetch - creates an etch-like sketch from an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/colorcells/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: COLORCELLS Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - colorcells - randomly modifies the color of rectangular cells of an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sphericalpano2rect/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPHERICALPANO2RECT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sphericalpano2rect - generates a perspective (rectilinear) image from a region of a spherical panorama image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/entropy/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ENTROPY Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - entropy - computes the normalized entropy of an image channel-by-channel imagemagick scripts fred entropy https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/maxima/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MAXIMA Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - maxima - locates one or more local maxima in a grayscale image imagemagick scripts fred maxima https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/similar/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SIMILAR Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - similar - computes the normalized cross correlation similarity metric between two equal dimensioned images imagemagick scripts fred similar https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/modulatecolor1/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MODULATECOLOR1 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - modulatecolor1 - changes brightness, saturation and/or hue for any primary or secondary color in an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/position/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: POSITION Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - position - positions one image relative to another image. imagemagick scripts fred position https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/mosaictiles/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MOSAICTILES Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - mosaictiles - applies mosaic tiles effect to image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/cepstrum/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: CEPSTRUM Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - cepstrum - create the cepstrum to depict the type and amount and orientation of camera type blurring in an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/splitimage/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPLITIMAGE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - splitimage - generates a side-by-side append of two partial images with an option to animate the amount of each image used in the... imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/smartcrop/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SMARTCROP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - smartcrop - automatically crops an image to a given size around the hightest detail region. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/bumptext/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: BUMPTEXT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - bumptext - applies a raised text effect onto an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/modulatecolor2/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MODULATECOLOR2 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - modulatecolor2 - changes brightness, saturation and/or hue for any primary or secondary color in an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/texteffect2/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TEXTEFFECT2 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - texteffect2 - converts large size text to an image after applying various effects, styling and color imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/cube2sphericalpano/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: CUBE2SPHERICALPANO Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - cube2sphericalpano - transforms 6 cube face images into a spherical panorama image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/redeye/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: REDEYE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - redeye - removes redeye from an image. imagemagick scripts fred redeye https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fisheye/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: FISHEYE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - fisheye - applies a fisheye distortion to an image imagemagick scripts fred fisheye https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/aspectcrop/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: ASPECTCROP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - aspectcrop - crops an image to a specified aspect ratio. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sharp/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SHARP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sharp - adaptively sharpens an image or extract edges. imagemagick scripts fred sharp https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/unwatermark/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: UNWATERMARK Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - unwatermark - removes a larger (uniform colored) watermark from a small font text image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/lucisarteffect/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: LUCISARTEFFECT Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - lucisarteffect - applies a LucisArt-like effect to an image imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/tonemap4/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TONEMAP4 Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - tonemap4 - enhances the shadows and/or highlight regions in an image using a dual gamma function plus an extra processing function. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/sphericalpano2cube/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SPHERICALPANO2CUBE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - sphericalpano2cube - transforms a spherical panorama into a cubical representation. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/shapemorph/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: SHAPEMORPH Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - shapemorph - creates a shape morphing animation sequence between two images. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/perlin/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: PERLIN Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - perlin - creates an image composed of Perlin type noise. imagemagick scripts fred perlin https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/removecolorcast/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: REMOVECOLORCAST Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - removecolorcast - removes a color cast from an image. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/magicwand/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: MAGICWAND Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - magicwand - isolates a contiguous region of an image based upon a color determined from a user specified image coordinate. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/diagcollage/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: DIAGCOLLAGE Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - diagcollage - collages three images in a diagonal orientation. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/innercrop/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: INNERCROP Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - innercrop - crops an image to the largest rectangle that will just trim any irregularly shaped outer boundary color. imagemagick scripts fred https://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/trimmer/index.php Fred's ImageMagick Scripts: TRIMMER Fred's ImageMagick Scripts - trimmer - trims the background from any number of specified sides of an image. imagemagick scripts fred trimmer