Robuta

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23966848/?dopt=Abstract
Nicotine exerts its reinforcing action by stimulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and boosting dopamine (DA) output from the ventral tegmental...
endogenouscholinergicinputslocalcircuit
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19236563/?dopt=Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 10A is highly expressed in medium spiny neurons of the striatum, at the confluence of the corticostriatal glutamatergic and the...
phosphodiesteraseinhibitionsensitivitymesolimbicdopaminergic
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22487042/?dopt=Abstract
Reward contains separable psychological components of learning, incentive motivation and pleasure. Most computational models have focused only on the learning...
prediction errorincentive saliencemesolimbiccomputationreward
https://elifesciences.org/articles/13388/figures
Neural confidence signals can take the role of reward signals and explain perceptual learning without external feedback as a form of internal reinforcement...
perceptual learningfiguresdatamesolimbicconfidence