https://www.azolifesciences.com/article/What-is-a-Protocell.aspx
Formed from the aggregation of abiotic components, protocells are the precursors to modern living cells.
protocell
https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Icy_cycles_may_have_driven_early_protocell_evolution_999.html
Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Jan 26, 2026 - Modern cells rely on intricate molecular machinery and genetic programs to grow and divide, but the earliest protocells were...
icycyclesmaydrivenearly