https://www.train-wheels.com/railway-wheel-flange-and-tread-profile-design-key-factors-for-safety-and-performance.html
Railway Wheel Flange and Tread Profile Design: Key Factors for Safety and Performance - MTJ
Optimized railway wheel flange and tread design improves wheel-rail contact, reduces wear, and enhances safety and stability.
railway wheel flangetreadprofiledesignkey