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https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/biometric-data/ What is biometric data? | ExpressVPN Glossary Biometric data includes unique physical or behavioral traits like fingerprints or facial scans used to verify identity. Learn how it works and the privacy... biometric dataexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/digital-certificate/ What is a digital certificate? | ExpressVPN Glossary A digital certificate verifies the identity of a website, user, or device and enables encrypted communication through public key infrastructure (PKI). digital certificateexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/bandwidth/ What is bandwidth? | ExpressVPN Glossary Bandwidth refers to the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given time. Learn how it affects speed and online performance. expressvpn glossarybandwidth https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/mandatory-access-control/ What is mandatory access control (MAC)? | ExpressVPN Glossary Mandatory access control is a system-level security strategy to control access. Learn how it works, where it’s used, and about common challenges of using it. access control macexpressvpn glossarymandatory https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/personal-area-network/ What is a personal area network (PAN)? | ExpressVPN Glossary A personal area network (PAN) connects devices within a short range, such as smartphones, laptops, and wearables. Learn how PANs work and how to keep them... personal area networkexpressvpn glossarypan https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/aes-encryption/ What is AES encryption? | ExpressVPN Glossary AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) encryption protects data using symmetric key cryptography. Learn how AES works and why it’s trusted for privacy. encryption expressvpnaesglossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/data-collection/ What is data collection? | ExpressVPN Glossary Data collection is the process of gathering user information through websites, apps, or devices. Learn how it works, what’s collected, and why it matters. data collectionexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/wireguard/ What is WireGuard? | ExpressVPN Glossary WireGuard is a modern VPN protocol known for speed and simplicity. Learn how it works and why it’s favored for secure internet connections. expressvpn glossarywireguard https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/dns-propagation/ What is DNS propagation? | ExpressVPN Glossary DNS propagation is the time it takes for DNS changes to update across global servers. Learn how it works, how long it takes, and why it affects websites. dns propagationexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/zip-bomb/ What is a zip bomb? | ExpressVPN Glossary A zip bomb is a malicious compressed file designed to expand massively when decompressed, overwhelming systems and security scanners. zip bombexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/data-entry/ What is data entry? | ExpressVPN Glossary Data entry is the process of inputting information into systems or databases. Learn how it works, why it matters, and where it’s used. data entryexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/dns-hosting/ What is DNS hosting? | ExpressVPN Glossary Learn what DNS hosting is, how authoritative nameservers answer queries, and why reliable, secure record management prevents outages and spoofing. dns hostingexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/firewall/ What is a firewall? | ExpressVPN Glossary A firewall protects your devices by monitoring and controlling network traffic. Discover how firewalls work and why they’re essential for online security. expressvpn glossaryfirewall https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/network-operating-system/ What is a network operating system? | ExpressVPN Glossary A network operating system manages devices on a network, enabling secure communication, resource sharing, user access control, and centralized administration. network operating systemexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/data-redundancy/ What is data redundancy? | ExpressVPN Glossary Data redundancy involves storing duplicate copies of information to improve reliability, prevent data loss, and ensure systems can recover from failures. data redundancyexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/data-governance-framework/ What is a data governance framework? | ExpressVPN Glossary A data governance framework defines how organizations manage data access, quality, and security. Learn how it ensures compliance and privacy. data governance frameworkexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/dns-port/ What is the DNS port? | ExpressVPN Glossary The DNS port is the network port used by the Domain Name System (DNS) to send and receive queries, typically port 53 for both UDP and TCP. expressvpn glossarydnsport https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/emulator/ What is an emulator? | ExpressVPN Glossary An emulator is software that mimics another system. Learn how emulators work and where they're used in this glossary definition. expressvpn glossaryemulator https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/public-key-infrastructure/ What is public key infrastructure (PKI)? | ExpressVPN Glossary Public key infrastructure (PKI) secures digital communication through encryption and authentication using public and private keys. public key infrastructureexpressvpn glossarypki https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/tcp-handshake/ What is a TCP handshake? | ExpressVPN Glossary The TCP handshake is a three-step process that establishes a reliable connection between two devices before data is exchanged. Find out how it works. expressvpn glossarytcphandshake https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/ssl-vpn/ What is an SSL VPN? | ExpressVPN Glossary An SSL VPN provides secure remote access to private networks using TLS encryption, through either a web browser or a lightweight client application. ssl vpnexpressvpn glossary https://www.expressvpn.com/glossary/data-acquisition/ What is data acquisition? | ExpressVPN Glossary Data acquisition (DAQ) collects and measures real-world data from sensors and devices. Learn how it works and key security practices. data acquisitionexpressvpn glossary