Robuta

https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/10/creative-commons-article-in-guardian.html TechnoLlama: Creative Commons article in The Guardian Creative Commons keeps making its unstoppable stride into the mainstream with the publication of yet another newspaper article. The article... creative commonsin thearticleguardian https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/is-wireless-dangerous.html TechnoLlama: Is wireless dangerous? If you believe all sort of technology horror stories, you would think that Wi-Fi is the source of all evil on the web. Check this story for... wirelessdangerous https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/11/always-look-on-right-side-of-youtube.html TechnoLlama: Always look on the bright side of YouTube Monty Python releases its own YouTube channel to get back at all the people who have been ripping them off for three years. If you cannot b... look on the bright sidealwaysyoutube https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/live-from-rio.html?showComment=1151073840000 TechnoLlama: Live from Rio The meeting has started, we are gathered in the impressively posh Marriot Hotel in Ipanema. I measure poshness by how many times I politely ... liverio https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/04/users-liable-for-phishing-and-hacking.html?showComment=1214538480000 TechnoLlama: Users liable for phishing and hacking (via Out-Law ) Who should be liable if a consumer is the subject of a phishing attack? At least in the UK, the common banking practice has b... usersliablephishinghacking https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/ssrn-revolution.html TechnoLlama: SSRN Revolution For those unfamiliar with SSRN , it is one of the most important research resources that I use to find articles that are otherwise not easil... ssrnrevolution https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/p2p-suits-chilling-effects-and-last.html?showComment=1125066960000 TechnoLlama: P2P suits, chilling effects, and a last stand So, the MPAA is filing 286 more "John Doe" suits against internet users from logs obtained from old bittorrent sites LokiTorrent and SuprNo... chilling effectsand asuitslaststand https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/12/ TechnoLlama: December 2007 december https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/11/user-generated-election.html TechnoLlama: User Generated Election Congratulations are in order to American readers for bringing to a close the long and arduous election process, a truly remarkable result ha... usergeneratedelection https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/ipods-and-ripping-cds.html?showComment=1150452240000 TechnoLlama: iPods and ripping CDs The British Phonographic Industry (BPI) gave us a nice gift last week to celebrate the International Day of the Beast (6/6/6) by announcing... ipodsrippingcds https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/04/end-of-piracy.html TechnoLlama: The end of piracy? (via ORG-discuss list) Pirates, pirates, pirates. it's all there is in the news lately. Pirates in Somalia, pirates in Sweden, pirates onlin... the endpiracy https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/09/girls-are-evil.html TechnoLlama: Girls are evil Not at all related to work. I received this and I liked its elegance: Finally, mathematical proof! girlsevil https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/09/kapow-revenge-of-city-of-heroes.html TechnoLlama: KAPOW! Revenge of 'City of Heroes' There is a new ruling in the impressive saga of NCSoft (City of Heroes fame) v Marvel (of Spider-man fame). For those unfamiliar with the c... revenge ofkapowcityheroes https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/and-now-for-something-silly.html TechnoLlama: And now for something silly... Thanks to Burkard for the link. It's strangely contagious. and nowsomethingsilly https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/music-industry-sues-limewire.html?showComment=1155076560000 TechnoLlama: Music industry sues LimeWire LimeWire, the popular Gnutella P2P client, has been sued by music industry giants Sony BMG, Vivendi Universal, Warner Music and EMI Music. T... music industrysueslimewire https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/attacking-oss.html?showComment=1151675700000 TechnoLlama: Attacking OSS For those who think that software patents are not a threat to open source, read this interesting article on Patently-O about a patent suit a... attackingoss https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/10/copyleft-manual.html TechnoLlama: Copyleft manual Erick Iriarte from Alfa-Redi has forwarded a link to the Spanish book called "Manual del Copyleft". I have oly browsed its contents, but it ... copyleftmanual https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/04/blackboards-patent-on-way-out.html TechnoLlama: Blackboard's patent on the way out (via Ray Corrigan ) I have been following the saga of U.S. Patent 6,988,138 protecting "Internet-based education support system and method... on the wayblackboardpatent https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/09/ TechnoLlama: September 2005 september https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/05/forever-copyright.html TechnoLlama: Forever Copyright (via David Berry) The New York Times has published the most misinformed article on the copyfight that I have ever read, and believe me, I h... forevercopyright https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/ip-criminal-enforcement-directive.html TechnoLlama: IP Criminal Enforcement Directive The proposed EC Directive on criminal measures aimed at ensuring the enforcement of intellectual property rights has been making the news a... criminal enforcementipdirective https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/attack-of-zombies.html TechnoLlama: Attack of the zombies This sounds like a badly written zombie movie. A man in Scotland is being held under suspicion of keeping a zombie network. A zombie is nets... of theattackzombies https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/07/ TechnoLlama: July 2007 july https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/torrent-is-not-dead.html TechnoLlama: Torrent is not dead Those singing the demise of the Bittorrent network should not get ahead of themselves. The existing technology can still be used for countle... torrentdead https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/02/why-has-not-linux-taken-over-os-market.html TechnoLlama: Why has not Linux taken over OS market? Slashdot has posted a link to this blog post discussing why Linux has not taken over the operating system environment. It is free after al... taken overlinuxosmarket https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/10/palin-and-llama.html TechnoLlama: Palin and the llama So... Sarah Palin was in Saturday Night Live yesterday... and what is in the background? A llama! Is she going for the pro-llama vote? I may... and thepalinllama https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/copyright-at-fringe.html TechnoLlama: Copyright at the Fringe (Thanks to Jordan Hatcher for the link). A London law firm will be sending a murder of lawyers to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival to train co... at thecopyrightfringe https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/patents-shoot-poland-saves-again.html TechnoLlama: Patents shoot, Poland saves (again)! Poland has saved Europe once more from the proposed software patent directive. The item was to be viewed as an A-item in the Agriculture and... patentsshootpolandsaves https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/first-wimax-uk-city.html TechnoLlama: First WiMax UK city Milton Keynes is set to be the first UK city to be covered by a WiMax network. Telecoms firm Pipex is planning to join Intel to roll out t... firstwimaxukcity https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/10/hatebook.html TechnoLlama: Hatebook It was meant to happen sooner or later.... Hatebook No comments really. hatebook https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/sun-offers-patents-for-open-source.html TechnoLlama: Sun offers patents for open source developers In a similar move to IBM's much talked about patent handout for OSS developers, Sun Systems are offering more than 1,600 patents that they o... for open sourcesunofferspatentsdevelopers https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/03/gpl-v3-v3.html?showComment=1175614020000 TechnoLlama: GPL v3 v3 (via House of Commons and Groklaw) The third draft of the GPL version 3 is now available for comment. I haven't had much time to go through... gpl https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/legal-music-sales-rose-in-2004.html TechnoLlama: Legal music sales rose in 2004 A report by the BBC says that legal music downloads are up almost tenfold during 2004 . In other news, snow is cold, rain is wet, and young ... music saleslegalrose https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/06/aerotel-patent-repealled.html TechnoLlama: Aerotel patent repealed While I was away presenting on software patents in Brazil an important decision took place last week. Aerotel v Telco is one of the most im... aerotelpatentrepealed https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/limewire-strikes-back.html TechnoLlama: Limewire Strikes Back LimeWire has replied to the RIAA suit against them with a countersuit. LimeWire has issued its answer to the plaintiff's claim, and have co... limewirestrikesback https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/10/language-matters.html TechnoLlama: Language matters Hiding meaning through obscure language is a long-held tradition, after all, that is what euphemisms are all about. However, avoiding regula... languagematters https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/05/digital-bully-den.html TechnoLlama: A digital bully den? I've read an interesting article in The Independent by Yasmin Alibhai-Brown, and while I don't agree with it, I've been noticing an increas... a digitalbullyden https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/05/commons-creative-utopia.html TechnoLlama: Commons creative utopia? It has been a good week for creativity based on open licences and Creative Commons. Firstly, there have been glowing reviews about the amazi... commonscreativeutopia https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/script-ed-september-2006-issue.html TechnoLlama: SCRIPT-ed September 2006 issue The September 2006 issue of SCRIPT-ed is now online. In this issue: Editorial: - From child porn to China, in one Cleanfeed; Lilian Edward... scriptedseptemberissue https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/10/virtual-worlds-bad-for-kids.html TechnoLlama: Virtual worlds bad for kids? Virtual Worlds with commercial toy tie-ins may be bad for kids. This seems to be the message by Lord Puttnam in his opening address to the ... virtual worldsbadkids https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/08/script-ed-august-2008.html TechnoLlama: SCRIPT-ed August 2008 scriptedaugust https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/10/european-domain-name-goes-live.html TechnoLlama: European domain name goes live (Warning: The link requires registration. Are your tired of all of those sites that require registration? Why not use Bugmenot ?). The Times... domain nameeuropeangoeslive https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/08/how-to-stop-piracy.html TechnoLlama: How to stop piracy? I think that everyone can agree that one of the problems with piracy is that it may have negative effect on some musicians. There is evidenc... how tostoppiracy https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/06/bean-counting.html TechnoLlama: Bean counting The month of May has been rather crazy time here at TechnoLlama. With knit-gate and the killer totems of Stormwind , readership figures hav... beancounting https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/04/creative-commons-fud.html TechnoLlama: Creative Commons FUD It was meant to happen sooner or later. Creative Commons is now a target of Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt ( FUD ). The Register has this inter... creative commonsfud https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/10/more-about-bushs-website-international.html TechnoLlama: More about Bush's website international blocking The Register comments on the strange blocking of international addresses by Bush's website. For one, it is thought that this may try to prev... more aboutbushinternationalblocking https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/10/fox-goes-weasel.html?showComment=1161359700000 TechnoLlama: Fox goes the weasel IceWeasel is a GNU browser (new, GNU, geddit?) based on Firefox distributed with Debian and Ubuntu Linux. Why does Ubuntu need a new browse... foxgoesweasel https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/universal-revolutionises-music.html TechnoLlama: Universal revolutionises music downloads Vivendi Universal has announced that it will offer its music catalogue for free in a legal download site in exchange of advertisement. This ... universalmusicdownloads https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/more-on-mcafee-patent.html TechnoLlama: More on the McAfee patent. Yesterday we brought you news about the devilish new McAfee patent. PantentNews has pointed out that the patent also claims to trace IP and ... more onmcafeepatent https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/12/pirates-of-amazon.html TechnoLlama: Pirates of the Amazon Habitual and casual readers may have noticed my love of all things piratical . I've been a fan of pirates way before Johnny Depp donned the ... of thepiratesamazon https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/when-moral-rights-go-wrong_20.html TechnoLlama: When moral rights go wrong I am becoming rather ambivalent about moral rights, which goes against my Civil Law upbringing. I believe that moral right of attribution is... moral rightsgowrong https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/zune-and-creative-commons.html?showComment=1159346220000 TechnoLlama: Zune and Creative Commons Some further news about the Zune and Creative Commons DRM discussion, which has caused quite a stir in the circles that get stirred by this... zunecreativecommons https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/summit-begins-with-bang.html TechnoLlama: Summit begins with a bang Opening Session: Very good opening session. The highlights for me were Joi Ito, who has been speaking on the many different technical things... begins withsummitbang https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/02/resuming-normal-service.html?showComment=1172603640000 TechnoLlama: Resuming normal service Those few regular readers who care about these sort of things may have noticed that I have not been posting that often in the last few days.... resumingnormalservice https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/machinima-is-it-legal.html TechnoLlama: Machinima: Is it legal? So, Machinima has finally made it to the mainstream in a great article by games blogger chick Aleks Krotoski. Machinima, in case you are ... machinimalegal https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/10/costa-ricans-vote-yes-to-cafta.html TechnoLlama: Costa Ricans vote YES to CAFTA Costa Rica held a referendum on Sunday October 7th to decide whether or not it would approve the Dominican Republic and Central America Free... costa ricansvote yescafta https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/05/death-of-gold-spammer.html TechnoLlama: Death of a gold spammer (The next victim stands on top of a pile of dead spammers) A curious scene has been taking place in the streets of Stormwind . The square be... death ofgoldspammer https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/04/isp-rebellion.html?showComment=1207728960000 TechnoLlama: The ISP rebellion Much virtual ink has been spent discussing the latest attempt to shift liability for illegal file-sharing back to the intermediaries. UK IS... isprebellion https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/03/ TechnoLlama: March 2009 march https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/05/sued-for-not-using-drm.html TechnoLlama: Sued for NOT using DRM? This is a bizarre take on copyright law . DRM manufacturers Media Rights Technologies (MRT) and BlueBeat.com have issued cease and desist l... for notsuedusingdrm https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/10/itunes-drm-cracked.html TechnoLlama: iTunes DRM cracked Norwegian DVD Jon (aka Jon Lech Johansen ) has done it again . While he had already cracked earlier versions of Apple's FairPlay DRM, there... itunesdrmcracked https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/balkanization-of-net-continues.html TechnoLlama: Balkanization of the net continues Some people fear that the net may be suffering from a balkanization of the internet, with a broken up network consisting of people who inhab... of thebalkanizationcontinues https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/11/firefox-10-released.html?showComment=1100110320000 TechnoLlama: Firefox 1.0 released! For all of us old enough to remember the early days of the internet, Internet Explorer was not always the only browser around. Most people u... firefoxreleased https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/venezuela-goes-free-software.html?showComment=1149289200000 TechnoLlama: Venezuela goes free software The Venezuelan Parliament is going to start discussing the draft legislation called "Ley de Infogobierno", which will overhaul e-government ... venezuelagoesfreesoftware https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/music-cd-burning-is-real-threat.html TechnoLlama: Music CD burning is the real threat One of my favourite phrases in English is "the more things change, the more they stay the same". When I was growing up, I used to get a lot ... music cdthe realburningthreat https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/04/is-google-amoral-monopoly.html TechnoLlama: Is Google an amoral monopoly? I have read with interest Henry Porter's scathing indictment of Google in yesterday's Observer, an article generating some heated discussio... googleamoralmonopoly https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/07/its-all-about-data-stupid.html?showComment=1217665620000 TechnoLlama: It's all about the data, stupid! Electronic evidence and data gathering are becoming an important part of modern litigation. When Viacom requested data from Google pertainin... about the datastupid https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/script-ed-books-for-review.html TechnoLlama: SCRIPT-ed books for review Would you like to be a book reviewer for SCRIPT-ed ? You get a free book if you agree to write a review for us. The books available for revi... books forscriptedreview https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/reviewed-llamas.html?showComment=1151245440000 TechnoLlama: Reviewed llamas Blogs reviewed in scholarly journals? I did not think it was possible for anyone to take us seriously, but the latest issue of the excellent... reviewedllamas https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/03/do-androids-dream-of-electric-sheep.html TechnoLlama: Do androids dream of electric sheep? They would, if they were in Wales . Baaa! dream of electricandroidssheep https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/04/april-2008-issue-of-script-ed-is-now.html TechnoLlama: SCRIPT-ed April 2008 The April 2008 issue of SCRIPT-ed is now live . This issue is filled with excellent material. There are some very relevant and timely articl... scriptedapril https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/06/venezuela-goes-free-software.html?showComment=1149274740000 TechnoLlama: Venezuela goes free software The Venezuelan Parliament is going to start discussing the draft legislation called "Ley de Infogobierno", which will overhaul e-government ... venezuelagoesfreesoftware https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/riaa-sues-717-new-p2p-users.html TechnoLlama: RIAA sues 717 new P2P users The RIAA continues its strategy of suing P2P users by initiating lawsuits against 717 users of the Kazaa, eDonkey and Limeware P2P networks.... riaasuesnewusers https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/there-be-pirates-matey.html TechnoLlama: There be pirates, matey! Thanks to Ilanah at IPKat for reminding me that today is " Talk Like a Pirate " day. Avast me hearties, arrrgggh! As a devout Pastafarian ,... there bepiratesmatey https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/11/authentication-in-half-life-2-works.html?showComment=1101459720000 TechnoLlama: Authentication in Half-Life 2 works The BBC reports that accounts in the popular game Half-Life 2 have been cancelled by the manufacturer. The developers were able to require a... in halfauthenticationlifeworks https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/11/chemical-rights-management.html?showComment=1104946320000 TechnoLlama: Chemical Rights Management? Sounds like something taken from Mission Impossible : "This DVD will self-destruct in 5 seconds". The movie industry is hoping to bring out ... chemicalrightsmanagement https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/03/5th-communia-workshop.html TechnoLlama: 5th COMMUNIA workshop Last week I attended the 5th COMMUNIA workshop on Accessing, Using, Reusing Public Sector Content and Data . I was pleasantly surprised by t... communiaworkshop https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/11/not-new-york-times.html TechnoLlama: Not The New York Times An expensive and complicated spoof of the New York Times has hit the streets of Manhattan (with accompanying website ). The headlines offer... the new yorktimes https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/08/microsoft-v-ipod-not-really.html TechnoLlama: Microsoft v iPod? Not really I have been reading many different reports over the weekend regarding a supposed patent dispute between Microsoft and Apple over the iPod. ... microsoftvipodreally https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/09/browser-wars-and-faulty-eulas.html TechnoLlama: Browser Wars and faulty EULAs The browser wars have just gotten a bit more interesting with the release of Google Chrome . While I am too addicted to Firefox, Chrome appe... browser warsfaultyeulas https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/04/amazonfail-cyber-censorship-cyber-hype.html?showComment=1239728400000 TechnoLlama: Amazonfail: cyber-censorship, cyber-hype, or YHBT? What better way to kick-start the internet after Easter break than a good old cyber-censorship row? All the ingredients are there: giant e-c... cybercensorshiphype https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/03/prs-not-horsing-around-with-copyright.html TechnoLlama: PRS not horsing around with copyright (First ear muffs, next headphones?) The British Performing Right Society (PRS) has been in the news recently thanks to its continuing stru... horsing aroundprscopyright https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/01/more-on-gpl-v3.html TechnoLlama: More on GPL v3 I have been looking in more detail at GPL v3 and also reading some comments in mailing lists, and I am starting to become deeply troubled by... more ongpl https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/09/gmail-trade-mark-dispute.html TechnoLlama: GMail trade mark dispute GMail is Google's email application, right? Wrong! The name had been first used by Independent International Investment Research , a British... trade markgmaildispute https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/apple-settles-ipod-suit.html TechnoLlama: Apple settles iPod suit Apple is settling a patent dispute with Creative, the makers of rival digital player ZEN. According to reports, Apple will pay $100 million ... applesettlesipodsuit https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/09/google-print-sued.html TechnoLlama: Google Print sued The Google Print Project has been digitizing books found in several libraries, and already some examples of the work can be found when you ... googleprintsued https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/02/beware-of-google-desktop.html TechnoLlama: Beware of Google Desktop EFF is asking computer users not to trust Google Desktop . In case you have never used it, Google Desktop is an application that allows you... bewaregoogledesktop https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/it-world-conference-next-week.html TechnoLlama: IT World Conference next week This is the last week of registration for the VI Computer Law World Conference. If you're anywhere near Edinburgh, be sure to drop by and jo... it worldconferencenextweek https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/11/ TechnoLlama: November 2006 november https://technollama.blogspot.com/2007/04/not-ip-day-post.html TechnoLlama: Not an IP Day post Because I have the strong psychological urge to be different (or at least different-ish), I'm trying to make today the "Non-IP Day", seeing ... ip daypost https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/10/bush-doesnt-like-them-foreigners.html TechnoLlama: Bush doesn't like them foreigners! I guess it is because they have long unpronounceable names , and they don't clap him adoringly at the UN . bushlikeforeigners https://technollama.blogspot.com/2009/04/twitting-humble-pie.html TechnoLlama: Twitting humble pie My dislike of Twitter is well documented. I had checked Twitter before I opened an account in July 2008, and I must admit that I did not li... humblepie https://technollama.blogspot.com/2004/11/spam-wants-to-regain-their-name.html?showComment=1099500840000 TechnoLlama: Spam wants to regain their name Hormel, the makers of the original SPAM , want to make sure that their name is still remembered as the original salty and meaty ham thingie ... spamwantsregainname https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/stronger-ip-rights-coming-your-way.html TechnoLlama: Stronger IP rights coming your way Two pieces of news exemplify that IP maximalism is alive and well, and that the copyfight has just begun (cue Imperial March). The first is ... ip rightsstrongercomingway https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/07/firefox-public-face-of-open-source.html?showComment=1215168780000 TechnoLlama: Firefox: The public face of open source? It is now official . The much publicised Download Day has set a new Guinness World Record for the single-most downloaded file in a single d... the publicfirefoxfaceopensource https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/10/bleeping-patents.html TechnoLlama: *Bleeping* patents Habitual readers may suspect already that I think software patents are a *bleeping* bad idea. Yeah, they are often filed by *bleeping* paten... patents https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/09/late-blogday-2006.html TechnoLlama: Late BlogDay 2006 I'm posting my BlogDay list very late this year. I can only use as an excuse that I've been rather busy with the Conference to do the BlogDa... lateblogday https://technollama.blogspot.com/2006/08/sunday-bloody-remix.html TechnoLlama: Sunday Bloody Remix This is an amazing remix of Sunday Bloody Sunday, sung by George W Bush. I am left speechless by the sheer creativity of people who are wil... sundaybloodyremix https://technollama.blogspot.com/2008/04/confesions-of-gold-buyer.html TechnoLlama: Confessions of a gold buyer Meet a typical level 70 human mage (name and server omitted to protect the innocent). He has reached highest level, so what is he to do next... of aconfessionsgoldbuyer https://technollama.blogspot.com/2005/01/ibm-opens-software-patents-for-oss.html TechnoLlama: IBM opens software patents for OSS developers (Registration required) IBM continues to champion the open source movement by allowing access to 500 software patents that it holds to open... software patentsibmopensossdevelopers