Robuta

https://beekeepersrealm.com/ethical-queen-wing-clipping-debate/ Understanding the Ethical Queen Wing Clipping Debate Sep 21, 2026 - Clipping trims a third to half of one queen forewing. Forster's 124 colony-year trial found no honey or brood loss; it delays swarms but can't stop them. wing clippingunderstandingethicalqueendebate