abdul latif jameel - Robuta Search

https://www.povertyactionlab.org/ The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Our mission is to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific evidence. We do this through research, policy outreach, and training. abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/invited-researchers Invited Researchers | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel invited researchers poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/affiliated-professors Affiliated Professors | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel affiliated professors poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/j-pal-north-america J-PAL North America | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab J-PAL North America, based at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, catalyzes randomized evaluations, builds partnerships for evidence-informed... abdul latif jameel north america pal https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/asset-based-microfinance-pakistan Asset-based Microfinance in Pakistan | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab In Pakistan, researchers partnered with a microfinance institution to conduct a randomized evaluation to test how larger asset-based loans for purchasing... abdul latif jameel asset based https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sector/labor-markets Labor Markets | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab In addition to supporting policymakers in applying evidence from randomized evaluations to their work, sector chairs and staff write Policy Insights that... abdul latif jameel labor markets poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/taxonomy/term/394?lang=pt-br Firms | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab We share evaluation summaries, policy insight briefings and policy publications that draw out key lessons from the research, and collaborate with policymakers,... abdul latif jameel firms poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/alarcon?lang=pt-br Constanza Alarcon | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel constanza alarcon poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/node/797?lang=ar Jenny Aker | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel jenny aker poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/685?lang=en Matthew Notowidigdo | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Matthew Notowidigdo is a Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and Scientific Director of J-PAL North America. His... abdul latif jameel matthew poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/guide-early-career-researchers?lang=pt-br Guide for Early Career Researchers | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab for early career abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/cole?lang=es Shawn Cole | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel shawn cole poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/doyle-0 Mary-Alice Doyle | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel mary alice doyle poverty https://www.povertyactionlab.org/blog/12-12-18/introducing-european-social-inclusion-initiative?lang=fr?lang=en Introducing the European Social Inclusion Initiative | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Many programs and policies across Europe aim to tackle social and economic exclusion of migrants and refugees, but there is little evidence suggesting which... abdul latif jameel the european social inclusion https://www.povertyactionlab.org/careers?sector=All&jpal_office=351&country=All&position_type=All&education=All Careers | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel careers poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/dynarski Susan Dynarski | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Susan Dynarski is the Patricia Albjerg Graham Professor of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. abdul latif jameel susan poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/pierce Stephanie Casey Pierce | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel stephanie casey pierce poverty https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/shammout?lang=id Nour Shammout | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Nour Shammout is the Associate Director for the Alliance for Data, Evaluation, and Policy Training (ADEPT) at J-PAL Global. In this role, she is helping to... abdul latif jameel nour poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/lleras-muney?lang=en Adriana Lleras-Muney | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel adriana poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/node/80?lang=ar Abhijit Banerjee | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Abhijit Banerjee has conducted randomized evaluations of remedial and computer assisted education in India and has assessed reforms of informal schools in... abdul latif jameel abhijit poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/schechter?lang=pt-br Laura Schechter | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Laura Schechter is the Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Her research looks at how social preferences impact... abdul latif jameel laura schechter poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/initiative/displaced-livelihoods-initiative-dli?lang=es?lang=en Displaced Livelihoods Initiative (DLI) | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab The IKEA Foundation is supporting the J-PAL and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) to generate and share new evidence on the impacts of livelihoods programs... abdul latif jameel displaced livelihoods initiative dli https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/boudreau Laura Boudreau | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Laura Boudreau is an Assistant Professor in the Economics Division at Columbia Business School. abdul latif jameel laura boudreau poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/support-us?lang=pt-br Support Us | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel support us poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/media/file-research-resource/base-r-cheat-sheet Base R Cheat Sheet | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel cheat sheet base r https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/taxonomy/term/389 Political Economy and Governance | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Governments around the world spend billions of dollars every year to provide citizens with basic services. But the effectiveness of public spending can be... abdul latif jameel political economy governance https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/mcfarlin Isaac McFarlin | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel isaac mcfarlin poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/glossary/17?lang=en Glossary definitions | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel glossary definitions poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/bau-0?lang=es Ignacio Bau | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel ignacio bau poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/personas?lang=id Personas | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel personas poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/7802057?lang=en Sarah Baird | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Sarah Baird is a Professor of Global Health and Economics and Vice Chair in the Department of Global Health at the Milken Institute School of Public Health at... abdul latif jameel sarah baird poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/shen?lang=fr Jim Shen | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel jim shen poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/a-1?lang=es Narayanee A | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/j-pal-courses?lang=en J-PAL Courses | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab J-PAL courses help implementers, policymakers, and researchers become better users and producers of evidence and equip learners with skills in impact... abdul latif jameel pal courses poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/community-driven-development-sierra-leone?lang=id Community Driven Development in Sierra Leone | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Researchers studied the impact of a community driven development program in Sierra Leone in the short and long-run and contrasted it with a technocratic... abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/partners/german-society-international-cooperation-giz German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ) | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/8137113 Shreedaya Arvind | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Shreedaya is a Research Associate at J-PAL South Asia, working on a portfolio of projects in the Education sector. abdul latif jameel arvind poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evidence-policy Evidence to Policy | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab evidence to policy abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/balsa?lang=es Ana Balsa | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel ana balsa poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/436?lang=en Amy Finkelstein | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Amy Finkelstein is the John and Jennie S. MacDonald Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is the Co-Scientific Director of... abdul latif jameel amy finkelstein poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/williams Evan Williams | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Evan Williams is a Senior Research, Education, and Training Associate at J-PAL Global where she works on the master's program in Data, Economics, and... abdul latif jameel evan williams poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/evaluaciones?lang=en Evaluaciones | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel evaluaciones poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/affiliated-professors/all?lang=en Affiliated Professors | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel affiliated professors poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/shanahan?lang=id Lindsay Shanahan | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel lindsay shanahan poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/blog/10-7-19/affiliate-spotlight-lisa-cameron?lang=fr Affiliate Spotlight: Lisa Cameron | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab J-PAL affiliate Lisa Cameron has dedicated much of her career as an empirical and behavioral economist to researching how economic issues impact women. Lisa is... abdul latif jameel affiliate spotlight lisa cameron https://www.povertyactionlab.org/protecting-nature-empowering-communities-pes-delivery-lab Protecting Nature, Empowering Communities: THE PES DELIVERY LAB | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty... The Payments for Environmental Services (PES) Delivery Lab is a strategic collaboration between The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty... abdul latif jameel protecting nature empowering communities https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sector/crime-violence-conflict?lang=id Crime, Violence, and Conflict | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Crime and violence can hinder economic development and urban growth, and exacerbate governance challenges by fostering corruption and draining public sector... abdul latif jameel crime violence conflict https://alj-enterprises.com/tag/abdul-latif-jameel-energy/ Abdul Latif Jameel Energy - Abdul Latif Jameel Enterprises abdul latif jameel energy enterprises https://jwafs.mit.edu/people/saurabh-amin Saurabh Amin | Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab (J-WAFS) abdul latif jameel water and food https://www.povertyactionlab.org/in-the-news/wirtschaftswissenschaft-im-dienste-der-armen Wirtschaftswissenschaft im Dienste der Armen | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/oliva?lang=en Paulina Oliva | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Paulina Oliva is a Professor of Economics and Spatial Sciences at the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences at the University of Southern California.... abdul latif jameel paulina oliva poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/agrawal Tanisha Agrawal | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Tanisha Agrawal is a Research Associate at J-PAL South Asia. abdul latif jameel tanisha poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/person/bustamante Gaby Bustamante | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Gaby Bustamante is a Senior Policy and Communications Associate at J-PAL LAC where she works to effectively communicate policy projects as well as important... abdul latif jameel gaby bustamante poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/rego Anna Rego | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Anna Rego is a Senior Policy Manager at J-PAL South Asia at IFMR, where she leads the gender sector. She works with governments, foundations and NGOs to apply... abdul latif jameel anna rego poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/j-pal-north-america-work J-PAL North America - Work | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab At J-PAL North America, we work across a number of program areas to better understand which anti-poverty programs and policies work and why. abdul latif jameel north america https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/jina Amir Jina | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel amir jina poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/bansal-2?lang=id?lang=en Anushka Bansal | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel anushka bansal poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/ferreira-da-silva?lang=es Jordana Ferreira Da Silva | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Jordana Silva is a Senior Associate in Research and Training at J-PAL in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). She is part of the Partnerships with... abdul latif jameel jordana ferreira silva https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/bold?lang=pt-br?lang=en Tessa Bold | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Tessa Bold is a Professor of Development Economics at the Institute of International Economic Studies. abdul latif jameel tessa bold poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/resource/navigating-phd-admissions-process Navigating the PhD admissions process | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel the phd admissions process navigating https://aljmachinery.com/en/news-and-media/press-release/abdul-latif-jameel-machinery-prepares-the-ground-for-the-new-future-at-neom/ Abdul Latif Jameel Machinery prepares the ground for the new future at NEOM. - Abdul Latif Jameel... abdul latif jameel the ground https://www.povertyactionlab.org/ar/node/705 Jing Cai | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Jing Cai is an Associate Professor in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of Maryland. She serves as Co-Chair of J-PAL's... abdul latif jameel jing cai poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es?lang=fr The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Our mission is to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific evidence. We do this through research, policy outreach, and training. abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/media/file-research-resource/annotated-informed-consent-checklist?lang=id Annotated informed consent checklist | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab informed consent checklist abdul latif jameel annotated https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/collective-counseling-disadvantaged-jobseekers-france?lang=ar Collective Counseling for Disadvantaged Jobseekers in France | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty... Youth living in poor urban areas face a number of psychological and social barriers to finding work. In France, over 40 percent of these youth are unemployed,... abdul latif jameel in france https://www.povertyactionlab.org/fr/evaluation/voter-education-sierra-leone?lang=en Voter Education in Sierra Leone | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel voter education sierra leone https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/vandewalle Lore Vandewalle | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Lore Vandewalle is a Professor of Economics at KU Leuven and a Professor at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. Lore... abdul latif jameel lore poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/taxonomy/term/2236?lang=ar Social Protection | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Worldwide, social protection programs such as cash or in-kind transfers and social insurance are growing in scope to help combat poverty and reduce inequality... abdul latif jameel social protection poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/initiative-project/characterizing-firm-level-discrimination Characterizing Firm Level Discrimination | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel characterizing firm level discrimination https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/node?jpal_office=354&lang=fr&page=0 | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/blog?page=6 Blog | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel blog poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/resource/questionnaire-piloting Questionnaire piloting | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Piloting is the testing, refining, and re-testing of survey ~instruments~ in the field to make them ready for your full survey. It is a vital step to ensure... abdul latif jameel questionnaire piloting poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/?lang=fr%3Flang%3Den&page=158 The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Our mission is to reduce poverty by ensuring that policy is informed by scientific evidence. We do this through research, policy outreach, and training. abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/node/32 News | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel news poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/j-pal-courses J-PAL Courses | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab J-PAL courses help implementers, policymakers, and researchers become better users and producers of evidence and equip learners with skills in impact... abdul latif jameel pal courses poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/node/8137396?lang=pt-br J-PAL Europe - Generating Rigorous Evidence | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab J-PAL Europe fosters the generation of new rigorous evaluation in Europe by funding research projects designed to expand the evidence base in key thematic... abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/evaluaciones?intervention_type=All&country=All&status=All®ion=380&target_group=All&outcome_of_interest=All&lang=fr Evaluaciones | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel evaluaciones poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/blog/7-30-21/nurturing-next-generation-indonesian-development-economists?lang=ar Nurturing the next generation of Indonesian development economists | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty... J-PAL Southeast Asia is building a cadre of local researchers and policy practitioners in development economics and strengthening the use of rigorous evidence... nurturing the next generation abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/varma?lang=pt-br Priyanka Varma | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Priyanka Varma is a Policy Manager at J-PAL, where she works on the Global Education sector and advises on the Post-Primary Education Initiative. abdul latif jameel priyanka varma poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/fr/evaluation/school-choice-andhra-pradesh-india?lang=pt-br School Choice in Andhra Pradesh, India | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/initiative-projects/27 Funded Projects | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel funded projects poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/resource/increasing-your-visibility-researcher?lang=ar Increasing your visibility as a researcher | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab as a researcher abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/powell Rebecca Powell | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Becca Powell serves as an Administrative Associate at J-PAL North America. Prior to this, she served as a Policy and Research Co-op/Intern where she primarily... abdul latif jameel rebecca powell poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/pt-br/node/7800288?lang=ar Vittorio Bassi | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Vittorio Bassi is an Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Southern California. His research interests lie in private sector development and... abdul latif jameel vittorio bassi poverty action https://www.povertyactionlab.org/fr/node/3138144?lang=en African Scholar Spotlight: Kodjo Aflagah | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Dr. Kodjo Aflagah joined the J-PAL Teaching at the Right Level and Digital Identification and Finance Initiative teams, having just completed his PhD in... abdul latif jameel scholar spotlight https://www.povertyactionlab.org/blog/2-11-22/african-scholar-spotlight-khadijat-busola-amolegbe?lang=pt-br African Scholar Spotlight: Khadijat Busola Amolegbe | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab As part of our ongoing series showcasing the work and journey of economists from the African continent who are leading randomized evaluations, we spoke with... abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/j-pal-lac-growing-futures J-PAL LAC: Growing Futures | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Growing Futures is the next phase of J-PAL LAC and Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (UVG)’s collaboration to generate and use evidence with government, civil... abdul latif jameel growing futures https://www.povertyactionlab.org/id/node?region=382&news_type=All&update_type=All&page=1 | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sector/education Education | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab In 2025, J-WEL became part of J-PAL after ten successful years as an independent lab at MIT working with educational innovators around the world to transform... abdul latif jameel education poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/page/information-affiliated-researchers?lang=en Information for Affiliated Researchers | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Please see this site for internal resources for researchers in the J-PAL network (affiliates, invited researchers, and scholars). Affiliated researchers can... abdul latif jameel information for affiliated researchers https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/graff?lang=en Elizabeth Graff | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel elizabeth graff poverty action https://carstore.toyota.com.sa/en/c/PRODUCTS Products | Toyota | Vehicles | Abdul Latif Jameel Motors | B2B Car Sales abdul latif jameel toyota vehicles products motors car https://www.povertyactionlab.org/ar/node/6557141 Strengthening Our Work | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Our research, policy, and training work is fundamentally better when it is informed by a broad range of perspectives. strengthening our work abdul latif jameel poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/fr/person/berry?lang=pt-br?lang=fr James Berry | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel james berry poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/person/bernard?lang=ar?lang=en Tanguy Bernard | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Tanguy Bernard is a Professor at the University of Bordeaux. His research interests include development economics, agricultural economics, and African studies. abdul latif jameel tanguy bernard poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/generating-skilled-self-employment-uganda?lang=es?lang=en Generating Skilled Self-Employment in Uganda | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab Researchers used a randomized evaluation to measure the impact of a government program that gave groups of young people US$400 per person in return for a... abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/es/policy-insights/agriculture?lang=ar Lecciones de la Evidencia en Agricultura | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel https://www.povertyactionlab.org/publications?sector=2236&jpal_office=All&country=All Policy Publications | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel policy publications poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/fr/person/dhaliwal?lang=pt-br Iqbal Dhaliwal | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab abdul latif jameel iqbal poverty action lab https://www.povertyactionlab.org/publication/smartcards-smarter-payments?lang=ar Smartcards for Smarter Payments | The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab In India, a biometrically authenticated payment system reduced corruption and substantially improved the delivery of government social assistance programs... abdul latif jameel smarter payments smartcards