https://www.twi-global.com/what-we-do/research-and-technology/research-programmes/core-research-programme/report-abstracts/design-and-development-of-a-locally-coupled-high-frequency-pulser-for-100kw-eb-welding-719-2001
For out-of-vacuum EB welding, beam pulsing was investigated as a means of overcoming beam spreading, which limits the weld depth achievable and the gun column...
design developmenthigh frequencyeb weldingpulser